Njengesixhobo sokwakha esingabizi kakhulu, esilula ukusilungisa nokuyicoca, i-concrete ineempawu ezintle kakhulu zomzimba nezoomatshini, ihlala ixesha elide, iyasebenza kwaye ithembekile, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kulwakhiwo lwezakhiwo. Nangona kunjalo, akunakuphepheka ukuba ukuba zidityaniswe isamente, isanti, amatye namanzi kuphela, isiphumo siba yi-concrete eqhelekileyo, enembonakalo engathandekiyo, kwaye kulula ukuyithulula ngothuthu kwaye ibuyisele ityuwa. Ke ngoko, umgangatho we-concrete yangaphakathi uhlala ugqunywe ngekhaphethi, i-vinyl okanye i-tile kunye nezinye izinto zokugquma, kwaye udonga lusetyenziswa kakhulu njengomaleko wokuhombisa, i-tile okanye i-mortar yokugqiba, iphepha lodonga.
Namhlanje, inkqubo yokuhombisa umphezulu wekhonkrithi yobugcisa iye yaba yenye yeendlela zobugcisa bomphezulu wekhonkrithi ezihlonitshwayo eMntla Melika naseOstreliya. Oku kwaqala ngenkqubo yokunyathela umphezulu wekhonkrithi ngeminyaka yoo-1950 (i-stampedconcrete), oko kukuthi, umphezulu wekhonkrithi entsha utshizwa ngesixhobo sokuqinisa umbala, ngokusebenzisa iimolds zepateni kunye nee-agents zokukhulula, umphezulu wekhonkrithi ukulinganisa ipateni yokwakheka kweentlobo zendalo, ezifana negranite, imabula, i-SLATE, i-pebble okanye i-texture texture yomthi. Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu zeziphumo zokuhombisa zezinto zendalo. Le teknoloji ayifanelekanga kuphela kwikhonkrithi entsha, kodwa ikwafanelekile nokuhlaziywa komphezulu wekhonkrithi okhoyo, njengentendelezo yekhaya, imijelo yegadi, iindlela zokungena, amachibi okudada ukuya kumhlaba weevenkile ezinkulu kunye neehotele. Isiphumo sokuhombisa sale maleko yomphezulu wekhonkrithi yobugcisa sinokuthembeka kwendalo kunye nokungaqhelekanga, okunokuhlaziya imbonakalo engathandekiyo yekhonkrithi, kodwa kukwabeka nokuhombisa nokusebenza kwenye, okungekuphela nje koqoqosho, ukuqina kunye nokusebenza kwekhonkrithi, kodwa kudibanisa ubuhle kunye nobuchule ngokwendalo.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ixesha lokuphila lezinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwikhonkrithi lidlula kakhulu elo lezinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo, ngelixa izinto zekhaphethi kunye nevinyl zidla ngokukrazuka, zinamathele kwaye ziguge, kunye nongcoliseko lwamanzi, kwaye ezi zinto ziphantsi kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka embalwa. Umphezulu wekhonkrithi yobugcisa uhlala ixesha elide njengekhonkrithi, ucocekile kwaye kulula ukuwugcina, kwaye isiphumo sawo sokuhombisa sinokuhambelana ngokulula nesitayile sokwakha esijikelezileyo kwaye sidityaniswe nembonakalo ejikelezileyo. Ngokungafaniyo nezinto zekhaphethi okanye ze-vinyl veneer, i-art surface mortar ayonakaliswa lula kukukrazuka, ukunamathela, ukukrazula okanye ukugcwala kwamanzi; Akukho micu okanye iintanda zokufihla uthuli okanye izinto ezibangela i-allergen, kwaye kulula ukuzicoca okanye ukuzihlambulula ngokugcinwa okuncinci. Xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yokuprinta iipateni kumphezulu omtsha wekhonkrithi, inkqubo yomgangatho wekhonkrithi yobugcisa ilula, ikhawuleza kwaye ingabizi kakhulu.
I-ADHESumgubo we-emulsion ophinda unyibilike - icandelo eliphambili leemortars zobugcisa eziphezulu
Ngokungafaniyo nodaka oluqhelekileyo lokugquma, udaka olugqumayo lwekhonkrithi kufuneka lube ne-organic polymer ukongeza kwii-pigment, kwaye olu daka yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-polymer modified dry mix mortar. Izinto ezisekwe kwisamente eguqulweyo ye-polymer zenziwe ngesamente, i-aggregate, i-pigment, i-ADHES. umgubo we-emulsion ophinda unyibilike kunye nezinye izongezo, kwaye zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zokwakheka nokuqina kakuhle ngokulungisa ifomula.
Izinto zomphezulu eziguqulwe ngesamente ezisekelwe kwisamente ezisekwe kwipolymer zaziswa kubunjineli bomgangatho worhwebo ngeminyaka yoo-1980, ekuqaleni njengezinto zokulungisa umaleko omncinci weendawo zekhonkrithi. I-mortar yomphezulu wobugcisa yanamhlanje ayinakusetyenziswa kuphela ekuhombiseni umgangatho weziganeko ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ikwafanelekela ukuhombisa iindonga. I-mortar yomphezulu wobugcisa eguqulwe ngepolymer inokugqunywa kancinci kakhulu, ubukhulu bayo bunokuba bubukhulu obukhulu besanti, okanye ubukhulu beemilimitha ezilishumi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuxobuka, ukuqhekeka, okubaluleke ngakumbi, umaleko womphezulu oguqulwe ngepolymer unokumelana okunamandla netyuwa, izinto ezinoburhalarhume, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, iimeko zemozulu ezinzima kunye nokuguguleka kwezithuthi okubangelwa kukwazi komonakalo.
I-Art surface mortar ine-ADHESumgubo we-emulsion ophinda unyibilike, enamathela kakhulu enokuqinisekisa ukubopha okuqinileyo phakathi kwezinto ezikumphezulu kunye nesiseko sekhonkrithi, kwaye inike i-art mortar amandla amahle okugoba kunye nokuguquguquka, enokumelana ngcono nemithwalo enamandla ngaphandle kokonakala. Ngaphezu koko, umaleko womphezulu we-mortar unokufunxa ngcono uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olubangelwa kukutshintsha kobushushu kunye nokufuma ngaphakathi kwezinto kunye nojongano, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqhekeka kunye nokuqhekeka komotar womphezulu. Ukuba i-ADHESumgubo we-emulsion ophinda unyibilikeXa kusetyenziswa iipropati zokungathandi amanzi, ukufunxwa kwamanzi kodaka olungaphezulu nako kungancitshiswa kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe ukungena kweetyuwa eziyingozi kwisiphumo sokuhombisa kodaka olungaphezulu kunye nomonakalo wokuqina kodaka.
Ukwakhiwa kwesamente yobugcisa obulungisiweyo be-ADHES
Udaka lobugcisa olusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezikhoyo zekhonkrithi kufuneka luqale lususwe amafutha luze lufakwe i-pickle. Ukuba kukho ezinye izinto eziphezulu kwikhonkrithi ezifana neengubo, ii-mosaic zethayile, izincamathelisi, njl.njl., ezi zinto mazisuswe ngeendlela zoomatshini ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu wodaka lobugcisa unokubotshelelwa ngokuqinileyo ngoomatshini/ngeekhemikhali kwi-substrate yekhonkrithi. Kwinxalenye eqhekekileyo, kufuneka ilungiswe kwangaphambili, kwaye indawo yejoyinti yokwandisa ekhoyo kufuneka igcinwe. Emva konyango olusisiseko, umphezulu wodaka lobugcisa unokwakhiwa ngokwemiqathango efanelekileyo.
Ubugcisaisinyithiinkqubo yokugquma umphezulu
Umphezulu onesiphumo esifanayo sokuhombisa njengenkqubo yendabuko yokwenza ikhonkrithi ungafunyanwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokwenza ikhonkrithi. Okokuqala, sebenzisa i-scraper okanye i-trowel ukuze ugqume umaleko womdibaniso wezinto zesamente eziguqulweyo ze-polymer kancinci kangangoko, kwaye ubukhulu bubukhulu besanti. Xa umaleko we-putty usamanzi, i-mortar yobugcisa enemibala enobukhulu obuyi-10mm isasazwa nge-marker harrow, amanqaku e-harrow asuswa nge-trowel, kwaye ipateni enemibala iprintwe ngomfanekiso ofanayo nowekhonkrithi yendabuko yokwenza ikhonkrithi. Emva kokuba umphezulu womile kwaye uqinile, i-sealant ene-pigment iyatshizwa. Ulwelo lwe-sealant luya kuzisa umbala kwiindawo ezisezantsi ukuze kuveliswe isitayile sakudala. Nje ukuba amaqhuma ome ngokwaneleyo ukuba ahambe, ii-coats ezimbini ze-acrylic transparent finish sealant zinokufakwa phezu kwazo. Ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwento yokutywina engatyibilikiyo, emva kokuba i-sealant yokuqala yomile, uze emva koko ulwakhiwo lwe-anti-slip coating, ngokuqhelekileyo umphezulu ungacinezelwa emva kweeyure ezingama-24 emva kokulungiswa, iiyure ezingama-72 zingavulelwa ukuhamba.
Inkqubo yokugcoba umphezulu wedaka lobugcisa
Ubukhulu obumalunga ne-1.5-3 mm, bufanelekile ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ukwakhiwa komaleko we-putty onemibala kufana nokwasentla. Emva kokuba umaleko we-putty womile, iteyiphu yephepha incamathiselwa ngokungacwangciswanga kumaleko we-putty ukwenza ipateni, okanye ipateni engenanto yephepha efana nelitye, izitena, ithayile ibekwe, kwaye emva koko i-mortar enemibala itshizwa kumaleko we-putty nge-air compressor kunye ne-funnel spray gun, kwaye izinto ze-mortar ezinemibala ezitshizwa kwi-putty zigudiswe okanye ziphathwe nge-trowel. Oku kudala umphezulu wokuhombisa onemibala, othe tyaba, okanye onganyangekiyo. Ukuze kudalwe isiphumo sendalo nesiyinyani, umphezulu owomileyo we-mortar ungasulwa ngobunono ngesiponji esifakwe i-color paste. Emva kokuba indawo enkulu yokusula igqityiwe, phinda uqheliselo olungasentla ukuze unzulu umbala okanye uqinise umbala kwindawo. Imibala emininzi ingakhethwa ngokweemfuno, wakuba umbala ugqanyisiwe kwaye womeleziwe, vumela umphezulu wome ngokufanelekileyo, ususe iteyiphu okanye ipateni engenanto yephepha, ucoce umphezulu, kwaye ufake i-sealant efanelekileyo.
UbugcisaisinyithiInkqubo yokudaya ngokulinganisa umaleko womphezulu
Kule nqanaba, umphezulu wodaka oluzilinganisayo usetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphakathi, ngesiqhelo ngokudaya ukuze kwenziwe iipateni, odla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo zorhwebo ezifana nomgangatho wemiboniso yeemoto, indawo yokwamkela iindwendwe kwiihotele nakwiindawo zokuthenga, iipaki zetimu, kodwa zikwafanelekile kwizakhiwo zeeofisi, umgangatho wokufudumeza wezindlu zokuhlala. Ubukhulu boyilo lomaleko womphezulu wodaka oluzilinganisayo oluguqulweyo oluyi-polymer bumalunga ne-10mm. Njengokwakhiwa kodaka oluzilinganisayo oluyi-self-leveling floor, ubuncinane ii-agents ezimbini ze-styrene acrylic emulsion interface zisetyenziswa kuqala ukuvala ii-pores kwi-substrate yekhonkrithi, ukunciphisa izinga lokufunxa amanzi, kunye nokunyusa ukunamathelana phakathi kodaka oluzilinganisayo oluyi-self-leveling kunye ne-substrate yekhonkrithi. Emva koko, umaleko womphezulu wodaka oluzilinganisayo uyasasazeka kwaye amaqamza omoya asuswa ngokusebenzisa i-air vent roller. Xa udaka oluzilinganisayo luqinile ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zingasetyenziselwa ukukrola okanye ukusika ipateni ngokwendlela eyilwe ngayo kunye nokucinga kwayo, ukuze isiphumo sokuhombisa esingenakufumaneka ngezinye izinto zokuhombisa ezifana neekhaphethi kunye neethayile singafumaneki, kwaye singabizi kakhulu. Iipateni, uyilo lobugcisa kunye neelogo zenkampani zingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezizilinganisayo, ngamanye amaxesha zidityaniswe neentanda kwikhonkrithi engaphantsi komhlaba okanye izinto zobugcisa ezifihla iindawo ezibangela iintanda kwiindawo. Umbala ungafunyanwa ngokongeza iipigmenti kwangaphambili.i-mortar exutywe yodwa eyomileyo, kwaye rhoqo ngonyango emva kokudaywa, izinto zokufaka imibala ezenziwe ngokukodwa ziyakwazi ukusabela ngokweekhemikhali kunye nezinto zelayimu kwi-mortar, ezithi ziqhekeze kancinci kwaye zilungise umbala kumaleko womphezulu. Ekugqibeleni, kusetyenziswa isithinteli sokutywina i-coating.
Ukugqiba isitywina kunye nokupolisha
Ukugqiba izitywino kunye nokugqitywa linyathelo lokugqibela kuzo zonke iileya zokuhombisa ezisetyenziselwa ukuvala, ukuguguleka kunye neendawo ezingangeni manzi zodaka lobugcisa, ukusuka kwiisealants zoshishino eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa ngaphandle ukuya kwiipolishables zokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi. Ukukhetha i-sealant okanye i-wax ehambelana nombala wodaka lobugcisa kunokuphucula ithoni kwaye kongeze ukukhazimla, kwaye iingubo ezicacileyo zinokubonisa incasa yakudala kunye nokukhazimla okanye zenze umbala weekhemikhali ubonise imikhondo enamabala. Ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo wethrafikhi ekusetyenzisweni komgangatho, i-sealant okanye i-wax inokuphinda isetyenziswe ngamaxesha athile, kodwa ukugcinwa kungenziwa rhoqo njengakwi-wax yomgangatho. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukonakala kumphezulu wedaka lobugcisa kunye nokuguguleka kwethrafikhi, ukuba ukuhamba kwethrafikhi emhlabeni kuphezulu, i-arhente yokukhusela ukutywina inokusetyenziswa amaxesha amaninzi. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunokugcina isiphumo sokuhombisa sodaka lobuso, kwaye kwandise kakhulu ubomi balo benkonzo.
Iindleko kunye nemida
Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lobugcisa bekhonkrithiisinyithiUmphezulu udla ngokuba phezulu nge-1/3-1/2 kunezinto zebhloko zendalo ezifana ne-SLATE okanye i-granite. Izinto ezisemgangathweni eziqinileyo ezifana nethayile, i-granite okanye ikhonkrithi yokuhombisa zisenokungabi nomtsalane kubathengi abakhetha izinto ezithambileyo ezifana neekhaphethi okanye izinto ze-vinyl ezithambileyo. Iziphene zinokuba semngciphekweni wobushushu phantsi kweenyawo, ukusasazeka kwesandi kunye nokwenzeka kokuba izinto ziwe, okanye ukhuseleko lomntwana onokukhasa okanye awele emhlabeni. Abantu abaninzi bazimisele ukubeka iikhaphethi ezincinci kumgangatho oqinileyo okanye iikhaphethi ezinde kwiindawo zokuhamba kunye neendawo zokongeza ubuhle, kodwa ukhetho lwezi zinto kufuneka lufakwe kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali.
Njengenye yeendlela ezisebenzayo zokuhombisa ikhonkrithi, i-art surface mortar ilula kakhulu, ingabizi kwaye ihlala ixesha elide, kulula ukuyigcina, kwaye yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokubonakalisa ubuhle kunye nobuchule.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-23-2024